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NAD+

Sits at a crossroads in the cell: energy on one side, DNA repair and gene regulation on the other.

PropertyValue
TypeCoenzyme, not a peptide
In fullNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Research fieldEnergy, ageing, cell repair, cognition
Research statusPreclinical and early clinical
FormPowder in a vial or solution

What it is

A molecule present in every cell that carries electrons in energy metabolism. It is also raw material for enzymes concerned with DNA repair and gene regulation, the sirtuins among them.

How it works

In energy metabolism it shuttles between two forms, carrying electrons. In its second role it is consumed: enzymes cut the molecule to do their work, so stores run down and have to be replenished.

What the research shows

That cellular levels fall with age is well documented. What replenishment achieves is a livelier research field with mostly preclinical evidence and a few early clinical studies. How well the molecule itself gets into cells is a recurring point of debate.

Research status

Preclinical, with early clinical research.

Practical

Not a peptide, so the peptide rules do not map one to one. It is sensitive to moisture and light; store cool and dark.

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What this site is and is not
This site explains what the scientific literature says about peptides. It is not medical advice and not a set of instructions. The substances discussed here are research compounds: they are not approved for use in humans or animals. If you have a health question, see a doctor.

Updated 2026-10-03

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